On April 30, 2026, the Department of Justice (DOJ) announced the Fraud Oversight through Careful Use of Statistics (FOCUS) initiative, a new anti-fraud initiative designed to “improve the Department’s ability to prioritize working with the most successful data miners” filing qui tam complaints under the False Claims Act (FCA). 

Under this initiative, the DOJ is inviting data miners to meet with the Civil Fraud Section to discuss their capabilities and outline why and how their data signals reliably correlate to fraud.  Although these meetings are not a pre-filing requirement, DOJ stated that it “will prioritize working with data miners who have demonstrated an investment in pre-filing diligence and commitment to analytical rigor, familiarity with program rules, and legally sufficient allegations.”

As the FOCUS initiative signals that data miner relators are here to stay and may improve their filings, we outline key background, the DOJ guidance that may improve these complaints, and key takeaways for potential qui tam targets.

Attempt by DOJ to filter out unsuccessful cases

As we have covered in previous client alerts, the DOJ has received a record number of FCA qui tam complaints in recent years.  The DOJ noted in announcing this new initiative, it received in 2025 a record number of FCA qui tam complaints (1,300), and to date in 2026, it has already received over 780 qui tam complaints. 

Data miners have accounted for much of this uptick, having filed more than 45% of all qui tam complaints since Fiscal Year 2024.  According to the DOJ, however, recent data from FCA settlements and judgments suggests a lower overall success rate for qui tam complaints filed by data miners relative to Department-initiated FCA complaints.  Although this is not surprising, including because the DOJ has access to non-public information, the DOJ says that “data miners can increase the quality and success of their qui tams by ensuring that they utilize only focused data analytics that identify reliable data signals with a reasonable correlation to fraud.”

DOJ offers guidance to potential relators that may strengthen complaints

“To ensure the effective use of enforcement resources,” the DOJ explained that it will “prioritize high-quality data miner qui tam actions” and offered guidance to relators and counsel who seek to use data mining in qui tam cases, including to: 

• Provide “high-quality, reliable, and predictive data analyses and signals and a thorough understanding of the relevant legal obligations,” 

• Be aware of the “heightened pleading standard of Rule 9(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure,” which requires pleading fraud with particularity,

• Provide “alternative explanations for the observed conduct and be able to articulate how the data, in combination with other available evidence, suggests both scienter and falsity,” and 

• Consider partnering “with others who can aid their understanding of program eligibility requirements and regulatory frameworks.”

Key takeaways for potential qui tam targets

Although the DOJ’s announcement of the FOCUS initiative signals that data miner relators are here to stay and may improve their filings, key takeaways for defendants include that:

• The FOCUS initiative may shift the DOJ away from collaborating with unsophisticated data miner relators who leverage the FCA as a mechanism for pursuing a windfall.  Instead, the announcement suggests the DOJ will more closely scrutinize data miner relators, focusing instead on collaborating with those who are mindful of the heightened pleading requirements under the FCA and who can more reliably correlate their analyses to substantiating claims of fraud. 

• Although the result may be that FCA defendants will contend with more sophisticated cases that are harder to dismiss for failing to plead with specificity or similar grounds, those cases can, in some cases, offer FCA defendants a unique defense—the FCA’s public disclosure bar, which in some cases, bars FCA cases predicated on publicly disclosed (i.e., data mined) information if the government does not intervene. 

Reed Smith will follow developments about this initiative and the other developments in the FCA landscape.  If you have any questions about this client alert or need assistance with FCA matters, please reach out to our team at Reed Smith.