First, the Decree significantly simplifies the conditions for patient access to telemedicine. It abolishes the two existing preconditions for accessing teleconsultation that were necessary before the crisis, in order for the teleconsultation to be reimbursed under the French social security scheme:
- On the one hand, teleconsultation will be possible even if the HCP carrying out the consultation is not the patient's referring physician2 (médecin traitant);
- On the second hand, it is no longer necessary that the teleconsultation be preceded by a prior in-person consultation with the HCP within a twelve months period.
Teleconsultation is therefore no longer part of the “continuous healthcare pathway” intended and recommended, for example, for patients with chronic diseases, but rather addresses an emergency situation, since all patients who do not have a referring physician or whose referring physician is not available in a timeframe consistent with their health condition will be able to benefit from teleconsultation.
In addition, and most importantly, regarding the means of teleconsultation used, the Decree now allows for the first time the use of any platform that allows video communication. It is in fact indicated that health professionals will be able to use “any of the technological means currently available to carry out videotransmission” for patients affected or potentially infected by Covid-19.
This measure constitutes a considerable - and unprecedented - facilitation of the position taken to date by the National Health Fund (Caisse nationale d’assurance maladie) in September 2018, which stated that while existing video communication tools on the market such as Skype or Facetime appeared to be sufficiently secure for video exchange with the patient when known, they did not meet the security conditions for the exchange of medical documents.
The broad extension of teleconsultation to all communication platforms obviously meets here an immediate objective of health protection in exceptional circumstances. However, these new rules raise questions about the processing of health data (which is sensitive data) exchanged between HCPs and patients. Although the new flexibility of the rules governing teleconsultation is welcomed by the medical profession because teleconsultation can considerably facilitate the treatment of patients who have not developed a serious case of Covid-19, it will have shown that a systematic use of digital platforms during the pandemic is possible. It needs to be noted here that the CNIL was not formally consulted prior to the publication of the Decree. Therefore it is not excluded that it may a posteriori want to ensure that the processing of health data complies with the applicable legal framework for the protection of personal data, if this practice remains in place over time. However, the new facilitation rules show that it is now possible to do otherwise, and more straightforwardly. Such flexibility fulfils a long-expressed need and should not be reversed. This could be a game changer for telemedicine and MedTech more generally in France.
- Decree No. 2020-227 of 9 March 2020 adapting the conditions for receiving health insurance and for reimbursing the cost of telemedicine procedures for patients suffering from Covid-19.
- In France, a “médecin traitant” is the physician who coordinates all the care received by the patient and refers him if necessary to a specialist practitioner.
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